hpS-Water-Case Histories
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The Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM is suitable for many applications. The following Case Histories........ provide an example of the hpS technology for specific purposes.
Contents
1. Building Hot/Cold System - Water Purification(1a) AKG Private Rehabilitation Hospital
(1b) Duisburg Old People's Hospital
2. Air Conditioning Water Purification
(2a) Frankfurt Airport
3. Cooling System Water Purification
(3a) V&M Steel Mill Saxony
4. Processing Water Purification
(5a) BMW Manufacture Works
5. Fountain Water Purification
(5a) Neptune Fountain Munich Council
(5b) Elgin's Fountain Moray Council
1. Building Hot/Cold System - Water Purification
(1a) AKG Private Rehabilitation Hospital
(i) Ref: 1a
(ii) Project Manager: Gerhard Manz – Juergen Dillitzer
(iii) Site: AKG Private Rehabilitation Hospital
(iv) Location: Berlin, Germany
(v) Key Waterborne
Pathogen Risk: Legionella pneumophila
(vi) Disease Risk Status: High (Immuno-Suppressed Patients) 
(vii) Systems Treated: Stored Water systems capable of
creating an aerosol providing a vector for legionella.
(viii) Control Program: Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM
(ix) Control Targets: =<10-cfu/ml legionella
(x) Measurement
of efficacy: Monthly legionella testing to ISO 11731:19988
(xi) Control Targets met: YES
(xii) Notes A number of factors are used to determine the appropriate assessment of risk of legionella in any water system. Risks are primarily based upon the likelihood of transmission of the disease to a person, then one determines the likelihood of that person to contract the disease. Therefore, this case study is important because the hospital houses mainly heart/diabetes patients who are already immuno-suppressed. To use a new technology within such a building demonstrates confidence in the technology.
Control, monitoring and analysis measures differ very little in Germany and the UK in terms of Legionnaires’ disease. It is an accepted legislative fact that the pathogen must be controlled/prevented.
Any new treatment system for waterborne pathogen control is monitored carefully over the first quarter to establish that the program is working.
One must bear in mind that no water system is identical to another, as each is affected by the variable parameters of temperature, pH, conductivity, maintenance schedules etc.
One of the key differences between otherwise seemingly identical water systems is in the current state of the water system before introducing a new technology. As per statement in the Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM literature – wherever possible, all existing systems should be cleaned and disinfected prior to operation.
One must bear in mind that systems that have operated for many years may have a historical build-up of bio-film. Bio-film is a conglomeration of a multitude of bacteria forming a slime that provides a protective coating against attack from human intervention including the use of chemicals. Removal of bio-film can cause microbial readings to fluctuate during early water treatment programs. A number of different measures of controlling this can be employed.
As with most water systems, the AKG Reha Building experienced fluctuating microbial readings. The key point is that the Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM program combated the disease, prevented ongoing problems and tackled the source of the problem itself.
(1b) Duisburg Old People's Hospital
(i) Ref (1b)
(ii) Project Manager: Jurgen Dillitzer – Volker Korth
(iii) Site: Duisburg Old People’s Hospital
(iv) Location: Dortmund, Germany
(v) Key Waterborne
Pathogen Risk: Legionella pneumophila
(vi) Disease Risk Status: High (Immuno Suppressed
Patients+Elderly) 
(vii) Systems Treated: Stored Water systems capable of creating an aerosol providing a
vector for legionella.
(viii) Control Program: Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM
(ix) Control Targets: =<10 cfu/ml legionella
(x) Measurement
of efficacy: Monthly legionella testing to ISO 11731:19988
(xi) Control Targets met: YES
(xii) Notes A number of factors are used to determine the appropriate assessment of risk of legionella in any water system. Risks are primarily based upon the likelihood of transmission of the disease to a person, then one determines the likelihood of that person to contract the disease. Therefore, this case study is important because the hospital houses mainly elderly patients who are therefore more prone to contracting an illness. In addition they are generally immuno-suppressed, suffering from an ailment that has brought them to the hospital. To use a new technology within such a building demonstrates confidence in the technology.
Control, monitoring and analysis measures differ very little in Germany and the UK in terms of Legionnaires’ disease. It is an accepted legislative fact that the pathogen must be controlled/prevented.
Any new treatment system for waterborne pathogen control is monitored carefully over the first quarter to establish that the program is working.
One must bear in mind that no water system is identical to another, as each is affected by the variable parameters of temperature, pH, conductivity, maintenance schedules etc.
One of the key differences between otherwise seemingly identical water systems is in the current state of the water system before introducing a new technology. As per statement in the Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM literature – wherever possible, all existing systems should be cleaned and disinfected prior to operation.
One must bear in mind that systems that have operated for many years may have a historical build-up of bio-film. Bio-film is a conglomeration of a multitude of bacteria forming a slime that provides a protective coating against attack from human intervention including the use of chemicals. Removal of bio-film can cause microbial readings to fluctuate during early water treatment programs. A number of different measures of controlling this can be employed.
As with most water systems, the Duisburg Old People’s Hospital Building experienced fluctuating microbial readings. The key point is that the Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM program combated the disease, prevented ongoing problems and tackled the source of the problem itself.
It is also very important to understand that the Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM was used to treat the Hot Water System without the use of Pasteurisation. Elderly patients are more susceptible to burns and scalding using a pasteurised system with circulating water at or above 50° Celsius. This is due to the potential delayed neuron-receptor capability to experience pain caused by old-age. Whilst reducing the temperature to circa 45° Celsius provides a more useable hot water supply and reduces carbon emissions; instigating such a temperature reduction scheme demonstrates immense confidence in the technology given the high risks of the scenario.
2. Air Conditioning Water Purification
(2a) Frankfurt Airport
| (i) Ref: (2a) (ii) Project Manager: Jurgen Dillitzer (iii) Site: Frankfurt Airport (iv) Location: Frankfurt, Germany (v) Key Waterborne Pathogen Risk: Legionella pneumophila and general bacterial contamination, i.e., algae |  |
(vi) Disease Risk Status: Medium (Large volume of people-some may be immuno-suppressed)
(vii) Systems Treated: Air-Conditioning systems capable of creating an aerosol providing a
vector for legionella.
(viii) Control Program: Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM
(ix) Control Targets: =<10-cfu/ml legionella
(x) Measurement
of efficacy: Monthly legionella testing to ISO 11731:19988
(xi) Control Targets met: YES
(xii) Notes A number of factors are used to determine the appropriate assessment of risk of legionella in any water system. Risks are primarily based upon the likelihood of transmission of the disease to a person, then one determines the likelihood of that person to contract the disease. A large volume of people use the airport daily, some of these people may be more prone to illness. Due to the large volume of people it is important to maintain a good standard of water quality in such systems. To use a new technology such as the Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM in this air-conditioning system demonstrates confidence in the technology.
Control, monitoring and analysis measures differ very little in Germany and the UK in terms of Legionnaires’ disease. It is an accepted legislative fact that the pathogen must be controlled/prevented.
Any new treatment system for waterborne pathogen control is monitored carefully over the first quarter to establish that the program is working.
One must bear in mind that no water system is identical to another, as each is affected by the variable parameters of temperature, pH, conductivity, maintenance schedules etc.
One of the key differences between otherwise seemingly identical water systems is in the current state of the water system before introducing a new technology. As per statement in the Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM literature – wherever possible, all existing systems should be cleaned and disinfected prior to operation.
One must bear in mind that systems that have operated for many years may have a historical build-up of bio-film. The successive removal of bio-film can cause microbial readings to fluctuate during early water treatment programs. A number of different measures of controlling this can be employed.
As with most water systems, Frankfurt Airport had experienced some microbial problems. The key point is that the Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM program combated the disease, prevented ongoing problems.
3. Cooling System Water Purification
(3a) V&M Steel Mill Saxony
(i) Ref: (3a)
(ii) Project Manager: Jorg Lehmann
(iii) Site: V&M Steel Mill
(iv) Location: Zeithain, Germany
(v) Key Waterborne
Pathogen Risk: Legionella pneumophila
(vi) Disease Risk Status: Medium 
(vii) Systems Treated: Cooling Systems capable of creating an aerosol providing a
vector for legionella.
(viii) Control Program: Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM + particle removal systems and scale/rust inhibitors
(ix) Control Targets: =10-103 cfu/ml legionella
(x) Measurement
of efficacy: Daily Total Viable Count
+ Weekly legionella testing to ISO 11731:19988
(xii) Notes Cooling systems present one of the major areas of concern in the prevention/control of Legionnaires’ disease. A number of factors are used to determine the appropriate assessment of risk of legionella in any water system. Risks are primarily based upon the likelihood of transmission of the disease to a person, then one determines the likelihood of that person to contract the disease. Risk of potential exposure to immuno-suppressed individuals is relatively unlikely in this scenario. However, industrial cooling systems have the capability to broadcast disease via aerosol over a relatively large geographical area. To use a new technology such as the Hydro-Physical-SYTEM in Cooling Systems at such a large factory demonstrates confidence in the technology.
Control, monitoring and analysis measures differ very little in Germany and the UK in terms of Legionnaires’ disease. It is an accepted legislative fact that the pathogen must be controlled/prevented.
Any new treatment system for waterborne pathogen control is monitored carefully over the first quarter to establish that the program is working.
One must bear in mind that no water system is identical to another, as each is affected by the variable parameters of temperature, pH, conductivity, maintenance schedules etc.
One of the key differences between otherwise seemingly identical water systems is in the current state of the water system before introducing a new technology. As per statement in the HPS AquaHP-System literature – wherever possible, all existing systems should be cleaned and disinfected prior to operation.
As with most water systems, the V&M works in Saxony had experienced some microbial problems. The key point is that the Hydro-Physcial-SYSTEM program combated the disease, prevented ongoing problems and treated the root causes of the problem in bio-film removal.
4. Processing Water Purification
(4a) BMW Manufacture Works
(i) Ref: (4a)
(ii) Project Manager: Jurgen Dillitzer
(iii) Site: BMW Manufacture Works
(iv) Location: Regensburg, Germany
(v) Key Waterborne
Pathogen Risk: oils mixed with general
microbial contaminants & legionella 
(vi) Disease Risk Status: Medium – potential bacteriological and aerosol formation in
oils/paint/water mixture
(vii) Systems Treated: Processing Water Automotive Production Cleaning Section
(viii) Control Program: Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM + particle removal systems and separators
(ix) Control Targets: =<10 cfu/ml Total Viable Microbial Count + legionella + Removal of oils/paint to 70%
(x) Measurement
of efficacy: =<10 cfu/ml Total Viable Count,
=<10 cfu/ml legionella testing to ISO 11731:19988 ,
FOG (plus additional testing for known
potential contaminants, e.g. heavy metals and paint chemicals)
(xi) Control Targets met: YES
(xii) Notes A number of factors are used to determine the accepted contamination levels of process water. These depend mainly upon how often the water is to be recycled and the agreement with the municipal authority upon contamination quantities if process water is discharged to sewers.
Although recycling of water is very dependent upon the application, there are set scientific criteria for calculating microbial removal, and the removal of FOG (Fats, Oils, Greases).
Standard anti-microbial chemicals can be problematic when dealing with process water. Most biocidal chemicals require specific pH ranges to function effectively. Also, chemicals can be rapidly used and possibly rendered ineffective in the presence of large amounts of organic and inorganic contaminants, particularly oils. The Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM can operate effectively under most pH ranges and pH levels do not determine its effectiveness. This technology also cold-combusts oil during the cavitation process, removing approximately 75% of oils in water.
The Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM technology proved highly effective in stabilising microbial content and oil content under difficult contamination loadings.
5. Fountain Water Purification
(5a) Neptune Fountain Munich Council
(i) Ref: (5a) |  |
(vii) Systems Treated: Recirculating Stored Water System of the fountain.
(viii) Control Program: Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM
(ix) Control Targets: Microbiology smaller 10³ - no algae cultivation
(x) Measurement
of efficacy: Total Viable Count for microbes + legionella testing to
ISO 11731:19988 at discretion of Risk Assessor
(xi) Control Targets met: YES
(xii) Notes Fountains, although a means to create an aerosol for legionella, are not deemed to fall under the stricter testing regimes of standard hot/cold water systems, or the similarly strict testing regimes of cooling systems capable of creating an aerosol. That said, there is a potential risk in all fountains that direct visitors may make contact with the water. There are also a number of increased risks of contamination in any outdoor water feature from the environment itself.
Any new treatment system for waterborne pathogen control is monitored carefully over the first quarter to establish that the program is working.
One must bear in mind that no water system is identical to another, as each is affected by the variable parameters of temperature, pH, conductivity, maintenance schedules etc.
One of the key differences between otherwise seemingly identical water systems is in the current state of the water system before introducing a new technology. As per statement in the Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM literature – wherever possible, all existing systems should be cleaned and disinfected prior to operation.
The key point is that the Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM program combated the potential microbial problems, prevented ongoing problems and tackled the source of the problem itself (bio-film). It is also important to note, that the Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM is very suitable for such applications where the use of toxic chemicals could harm visitors. As the technology is “non-bug-specific” this also provides the ability to remove all forms of algae, funghi, bacterium and bacteriophages.
(5b) Elgin's Fountain Moray Council
| (i) Ref: (5b) (ii) Project Manager: Stephen James Law (iii) Site: Elgin’s Fountain Moray Council (iv) Location: Moray, Scotland (v) Key Waterborne Pathogen Risk: Legionella pneumophila & General Microbiological pathogens |  |
(vi) Disease Risk Status: Medium (potential to create an aerosol, with unknown people
visiting the vicinity of the fountain + potential for waterborne vector
if people contact the water in the fountain)
(vii) Systems Treated: Recirculating Stored Water System of the fountain.
(viii) Control Program: Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM + mains chlorinated supply
(ix) Control Targets: =<10-cfu/ml legionella
(x) Measurement
of efficacy: Total Viable Count for microbes + legionella testing to
ISO 11731:19988 at discretion of Risk Assessor
(xi) Control Targets met: YES
(xii) Notes Fountains, although a means to create an aerosol for legionella, are not deemed to fall under the stricter testing regimes of standard hot/cold water systems, or the similarly strict testing regimes of cooling systems capable of creating an aerosol. That said, there is a potential risk in all fountains that direct visitors may make contact with the water. There are also a number of increased risks of contamination in any outdoor water feature from the environment itself.
Any new treatment system for waterborne pathogen control is monitored carefully over the first quarter to establish that the program is working.
One must bear in mind that no water system is identical to another, as each is affected by the variable parameters of temperature, pH, conductivity, maintenance schedules etc.
One of the key differences between otherwise seemingly identical water systems is in the current state of the water system before introducing a new technology. As per legislation and the statement in Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM literature – wherever possible, all new systems should be cleaned and disinfected prior to operation.
One must bear in mind that systems that have operated for many years may have a historical build-up of bio-film. Bio-film is a conglomeration of a multitude of bacteria forming a slime that provides a protective coating against attack from human intervention including the use of chemicals. Removal of bio-film can cause microbial readings to fluctuate during early water treatment programs. A number of different measures of controlling this can be employed.
As with most water systems, the Elgin Fountain experienced fluctuating microbial readings. The key point is that the Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM program combated the potential microbial problems, prevented ongoing problems and tackled the source of the problem itself (bio-film). It is also important to note, that the Hydro-Physical-SYSTEM is very suitable for such applications where the use of toxic chemicals could harm visitors. As the technology is “non-bug-specific” this also provides the ability to remove all forms of algae, funghi, bacterium and bacteriophages.
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